A sperm is usually a small, compact cell. Each cell is independent and effectively competitive with other sperms.

Octopuses and Squids have three hearts each: two branchial hearts for gill oxygenation and one systematic heart for body-wide circulation.

Like most other ocean fish, cod is a good source of vitamins-B12 and B6, niacin as well as vitamins E, A and D. It is also rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. It is a good source of phosphorus, potassium, selenium, iodine and other trace minerals.

The animals that genuinely sleep with their eyes open are snakes and fishes including sharks. These animals don’t have eyelids, rather possess a specialized membrane called the nictitating membrane that covers their eyes while they sleep. This transparent membrane allows them to rest while remaining alert to potential threats in their environment. By keeping their eyes open, these fish and snake can swiftly respond to any danger, ensuring their survival.

In nature, most of the animal’s blood is red and contains the iron compound hemoglobin. But Squid and Octopus blood is blue, not red as in most of the animals. This is because squid blood contains a copper-containing compound called hemocyanin.

The platypus is a monotreme--a group where the females produce offspring by laying eggs. The female platypus digs a burrow near a stream and fills it with soft leaves to make the place suitable to lay eggs. Like other mammals, mother platypus produce milk for their young, but have no nipples. Their milk oozes out of mammary gland ducts and collects in grooves on their skin, where the nursing babies lap it up or suck it from tufts of fur.

Dolphins are aquatic mammals and breathe air into their lungs, as other animals do. Though they live in water, they cannot breathe underwater alike fish as they do not have gills to collect oxygen from water. They breathe through nostrils, called a blowhole, located on the top of their heads.

In 1857 Luis Pasteur invented fermentation & germ theory. He also invented the process of pasteurization.

Shell of snail and oyster is made up of Calcium carbonate- a chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks in nature as the minerals calcite and aragonite, most notably in chalk and limestone, eggshells, gastropod shells, shellfish skeletons and pearls.

Chlorophyll always generates green color by nature. As it is stopped it turns into red.